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Spanish real
The real (meaning: "royal", plural: reales) was a unit of currency in Spain for several centuries after the mid-14th century (see Spanish colonization of the Americas), but changed in value relative to other units introduced. In 1864, the ''real'' was replaced by a new ''escudo'', then by the ''peseta'' in 1868, when a ''real'' came to mean a quarter of a peseta.
==History==
The first real was introduced by King Pedro I of Castile in the mid 14th century at a value of 3 ''maravedíes''. This rate of exchange increased until 1497, when the real, now issued in billon, was fixed at a value of 34 maravedíes. The famous "piece of eight" (''peso de a ocho''), also known as the Spanish dollar, was issued that same year as a trade coin. It later became widespread in North America and Asia. In 1566, the gold escudo was introduced, worth 16 silver reales. The "piece of eight" was so-called because the denomination was divided into eight silver reales (8 reales = 1 silver peso). In addition to the "piece of eight," which was a one-ounce (28 g) silver coin, other coins based on it were issued: 4 reales, 2 reales, 1 real and the little (12 mm diameter) half real.
During this period, Spanish trade coinage became popular in international trade and commerce, and remained so for centuries.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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